NINETEENTH CENTURY THOUGHT READING LIST
(INC. EMPIRICISM, POSITIVISM, UTILITARIANISM)

Jeremy Bentham (1748 - 1832):

William Godwin (1756 - 1836):

Richard Whately (1787 - 1863):

• Elements of Rhetoric (1828)

• Elements of Logic (1826)

Auguste Comte (1798 - 1857):

• The Positive Philosophy (1830-1842)

John Stuart Mill (1806 - 1873):

• "The Subjection of Women" (1869)

• "Utilitarianism" (1861)

• On Liberty (1859)

• A System of Logic (1843)

• "What is Poetry?" (1833) [pp. 551-556 in Adams]

Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882):

• The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex (1871)

• The Origin of the Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1859)

Herbert Spencer (1820-1903):

ARTS AND AESTHETICS / CRITICAL THEORY

Théophile Gautier (1811 - 1872):

• "Preface to Mademoiselle de Maupin" (1835) [pp. 753-759 in Leitch]

Matthew Arnold (1822 - 1888):

• "The Study of Poetry" (1880) [pp. 603-607 in Adams]

• Culture and Anarchy (1867-1868):

  • "Sweetness and Light" [pp. 825-832 in Leitch]

  • "Hebraism and Hellenism"

• "The Function of Criticism at the Present Time" (1864) [pp. 592-603 in Adams; pp. 806-825 in Leitch]

• Poems: "Preface" (1853) [pp. 586-592 in Adams]

Leo Tolstoy (1828 - 1910):

• "What is Art?" (1898) [pp. 679-690 in Adams]

Walter Pater (1839 - 1894):

• Studies in the History of the Renaissance (1873): Preface and Conclusion [pp. 640-643 in Adams; pp. 833-841 in Leitch]

Emile Zola (1840 - 1902):

• "The Experimental Novel" (1880) [pp. 645-655 in Adams]

Stéphane Mallarmé (1842 - 1898):

• "Crisis in Poetry" (1896) [pp. 841-851 in Leitch]

• "Mystery in Literature" (1896) [pp. 676-678 in Adams]

• "The Book: a Spiritual Instrument" (1895) [pp. 674-676 in Adams]

Henry James (1843 - 1916):

• Preface to The Golden Bowl (1904)

• Preface to The Ambassadors (1903)

• Preface to The Princess Cassamassima (1886)

• "The Art of Fiction" (1884) [pp. 855-869 in Leitch]

• Preface to The Portrait of a Lady (1881)

Anatole France (1844 - 1924):

• "The Adventures of the Soul" (1888-1893) [p. 656 in Adams]

Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900):

• "Preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray" (1891) [p. 891 in Leitch]

• "The Critic as Artist" (1890) [pp. 900-912 in Leitch]

• "The Decay of Lying" (1889) [pp. 657-670 in Adams]